This layer of areolar connective tissue serves as an anchor for the serous membranes to surrounding superficial structures. The lymphatic system is a part of the circulatory system, comprising a network of conduits called lymphatic vessels that carry a clear fluid called lymph unidirectionally towards the heart. Connective tissues perform many functions in the body, but most importantly, they support and connect other tissues; from the connective tissue sheath that surrounds muscle cells, to the tendons that attach muscles to bones, and to the skeleton that supports the positions of the body. Adipocytes are cells that store lipids as droplets that fill most of the cytoplasm. Bone is a highly vascularized tissue. Fibersfunction in support; secreted by fibroblasts. Elastic cartilage can stretch and recoil to its original shape because of its high content of elastic fibers. The proteoglycan attracts and traps available moisture forming the clear, viscous, colorless matrix you now know as ground substance. In bone, the matrix is rigid and described as calcified because of the deposited calcium salts. Under the microscope, tissue samples appear clear. Q. A layer of dense irregular connective tissue covers cartilage. Collagen fibers, while flexible, have great tensile strength, resist stretching, and give ligaments and tendons their characteristic resilience and strength. The superficial fascia is found just deep to the cutaneous membrane (or skin) and is typically composed of a combination of areolar and adipose connective tissues. She interrupts your protests that you cannot stop playing. Reticular tissue is a mesh-like, supportive framework for soft organs such as lymphatic tissue, the spleen, and the liver (Figure \(\PageIndex{4}\)). Areolar tissue underlies most epithelia and represents the connective tissue component of epithelial membranes, which are described further in a later section. The extracellular matrix contains fluid, proteins, polysaccharide derivatives, and, in the case of bone, mineral crystals. Which type of tissue is being studied? What is the ground substance in typical connective tissue matrix? It contains all the cell types and fibers previously described and is distributed in a random, web-like fashion. Loose connective tissue is found between many organs where it acts both to absorb shock and bind tissues together. All of the preventive measures aim to increase the strength of the tendon and decrease the stress put on it. Their effectiveness at storing large amounts of fat is witnessed in obese individuals. Leukocytes, white blood cells, are responsible for defending against potentially harmful microorganisms or molecules. The mesenchymal cell is a multipotent adult stem cell. Areolar tissue shows little specialization. In adults, new connective tissue cells originate from the ________. Both strong and flexible, it is found in the rib cage and nose and covers bones where they meet to form moveable joints. LM 400. In other tissues, stretching in several directions is achieved by alternating layers where fibers run in the same orientation in each layer, and it is the layers themselves that are stacked at an angle. The surface of hyaline cartilage is smooth. Dense Connective Tissue. This type of tissue gives the walls of large arteries and respiratory passages strength and the ability to regain original shape after stretching. Fibroblasts are the most abundant and secrete many protein fibers, adipocytes specialize in fat storage, hematopoietic cells from the bone marrow give rise to all the blood cells, chondrocytes form cartilage, and osteocytes form bone. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. As you might expect, a fibrocyte, a less active form of fibroblast, is the second most common cell type in connective tissue proper.

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